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Texas Dallas sheriff attacks peaceful protesters.11.22.2013 Behold a pale horse rides
Houston we have a problem, and it is in Dalllas. There was no need for this. The event was over. And they were just there. Where the police told them the stand.
im starting to think, when things like this happen, we need to exercise our
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police state is totally off the chain now
We need to start showing up at their protests and standing in the shadows. Then overwhelm them when they start.
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EXAMINING THE JEHOVAH'S WITNESS "NEW WORLD TRANSLATION" OF THE BIBLE
See "Dealing with Jehovah's Witnesses, Watchtower Society" at https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLCF0ADB29C0EB8C40 with 20 videos. Larry Wessels ...
See our playlist "Dealing with Jehovah's Witnesses, Watchtower Society"
with 22 videos at https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLCF0ADB29C0EB8C40.
YHWH - What is God's name, YHWH or Jehovah? Almighty God was referred to by
a number of names and titles in the Old Testament. Jews traditionally say
there were seven names. One of these names was YHWH. The letters YHWH are
named in Hebrew Yod-Heh-Waw-Heh. The Jewish Encyclopaedia states: "Of
the names of God in the Old Testament, that which occurs most frequently
(6,823 times) is the so-called Tetragrammaton, Yhwh ( ), the distinctive
personal name of the God of Israel. This name is commonly represented in
modern translations by the form "Jehovah," which, however, is a
philological impossibility." jewishencyclopedia.com (as of 25/09/2005)
Prior to the time of Jesus, mainline Judaism came to believe that YHWH, the
divine name of God, was too sacred to be uttered, and the ineffable name
stopped being uttered aloud. Because written Hebrew contained consonants
but no vowels, it is now unknown exactly how YHWH was pronounced by ancient
Jews. However, there is consensus by scholars that God's name was rendered
as Yahuweh or Yahweh. "There is almost universal consensus among scholars
today that the sacred Tetragrammaton (YHWH) is to be vocalized and
pronounced Yahweh. Probably the name means literally "He is."" New
International Version: The Making of a Contemporary Translation CHAPTER 9:
YHWH Sabaoth: "The Lord Almighty" Kenneth L. Barker Jews recognise the
divine name in modern times as Yahweh. The Jewish Encyclopedia published
between 1901 and 1906 by Funk and Wagnalls includes the divine name as
Yahweh when translated into English. Nazarene Judaism is a source of
information on the pronunciation of YHWH because they see importance in the
use of the name and continued to utter the name after mainstream Judaism
had ceased saying the word out loud. The following quote is from an article
written by a Nazarene and explains that there is significant evidence that
Yahweh is the correct. Nazarenes and the Name of YHWH by James Trimm
states; "It is clear when examining the many sources that the pronunciation
of YHWH can be recovered as YAHUWEH sometimes abbreviated as YAHWEH, YAHU
or YAH. This is attested to by the Yahwitic names of the Masoretic text,
the Peshitta Aramaic and the Marashu texts. The true pronunciation of YHWH
is also preserved in ancient transliterations of the name written in
Egyptian Hieroglyphics, cuneiform and Greek, all of which had written
vowels. The restoration of the use of the name of Yahuweh with its correct
pronunciation is as prophetically significant as the restoration of the
ancient sect of the Nazarenes. Such a restoration of the name of Yahweh to
his people is promised in scripture: For then will I turn to the people a
pure language, That they may call upon the name of YHWH (Zeph. 3:9)" The
first half of the Tetragrammaton is commonly used as an abbreviation for
God's name and is included in the a number of Biblical names. The shorten
form of YHWH is Yah. The New World Translation Reference Bible states; ""As
Jah." BHSftn(Heb.), ki Yah; M(Heb.), beYah´, "by Jah." Yah is the first
half of the Tetragrammaton, YHWH. It occurs 49 times in M distinguished by
a point (mappik) in its second letter and once, in Ca 8:6, without the
mappik. TLXXSyVg, "Jehovah." See Ex 15:2 ftn, "Jah"; App 1A." New World
Translation of the Holy Scriptures Footnote to Psalm 68:4 This is attested
to by a number of English Biblical references. The word Hallelujah means
'Praise Yah" and shows that YH was pronounced as yah. The names Elijah,
Isaiah and Jeremiah all end with Yah. On the other hand, Jehosaphat begins
with the incorrect "Jeho" in place of Yah. This carries the same inaccuracy
as Jehovah. The inaccuracy is due to Masorite additions from the nineth
century C.E. The correct way to transliterate this name is Yahosaphat and
is a combination of the word Yah, with the Hebrew 'shaphat', which means
'judge'. The first letter was Y as the letter J did not exist in the Hebrew
language. The Encyclopedia Americana contains the following on the J: "The
form of J was unknown in any alphabet until the 14th century. Either symbol
(J,I) used initially generally had the consonantal sound of Y as in year.
Gradually, the two symbols (J,l) were differentiated, the J usually
acquiring consonantal force and thus becoming regarded as a consonant, and
the I becoming a vowel. It was not until 1630 that the differentiation
became general in England." The pronunciation of the name of God has been
preserved in a number of other languages that do contain vowels. The
Murashu texts were found at Nippur and date back to 464 B.C. These were
written in Aramaic cuneiform script on clay tablets. The version of the Old
Testament used by Aramaic speaking Assyrians, Syrians and Chaldeans was the
Peshitta text. In the fourth century CE vowels were added to the Aramaic
text. When they added vowels to names that begin with part of the divine
name the result was to start with Yah, such as in Yahosaphat. Egyptian
hieroglyphics contain written vowels. In Budge's An Egyptian Hieroglyphic
Dictionary page fifteen shows that the shortened form of YHWH was
transliterated as "IA" or "YA", also supporting that God's name begins with
the sound Yah. Assyrian cuneiform script has been found which had the
divine name spelt with written vowels. A.H.Sayce published Halley's Bible
Handbook in 1898. On page sixty two it discusses three clay cuneiform
tablets dating from the time of Hammurabi which contain the phrase Jahweh.
Josephus also can be used to support the idea that the sacred name was
pronounced Yahweh. In Jewish Wars, chapter V, Josephus wrote; "... in which
was engraven the sacred name: it consists of four vowels." Yahweh or
Yahuweh contains four 'vowels', being pronounced as ee-ah-oo-eh, whereas
Jehovah only contains three. In Jesus time the Greek transliteration of the
divine name was Iaoue or Iabe. This supports Yahweh as it was pronounced
ee-ah-oo-eh. In the second century Clement of Alexandria wrote: "The mystic
name which is called the Tetragrammaton, by which alone they who had access
to the Holy of Holies were protected, is pronounced Iaoue, which means 'who
is, and who shall be.'" In Latin it was similarly written as Iabe. History
of the word Jehovah It is interesting to understand how the word Jehovah
was derived, as the history of the word shows why the word is incorrect. In
an unfortunate stroke of the pen the Watchtower Society chose to adopt the
rendition of YHWH that has least resemblance to the original name and
incorporates the very reason the exact pronunciation is unknown. Ancient
Hebrew did not contain vowels and so the pronunciation of words was handed
down. In order to preserve the pronunciation of the Hebrew language, the
Masoretes created a system for introducing vowels into the Hebrew language
during the ninth century A.D. However, when it came to YHWH, rather than
putting the correct vowel signs, they put vowel signs for Adonai (Lord) or
Elohim (God), in order to remind the reader to use the word Lord or God
instead of the name of God. Adonai (Lord) was predominantly used, however,
in passages where Adonai and YHWH appeared together, Elohim was used
instead, to avoid repetition of the word Lord. As proposed by the
19th-century Hebrew scholar Gesenius, it is generally accepted that mixing
the vowels for Lord and God with the consonants YHWH that led to the
manufacture of the hybrid word Jehovah. Hence, it was the effort to avoid
pronouncing God's name that led to the manufacture of the hybrid word
Jehovah. "The form Jehovah is of late medieval origin; it is a combination
of the consonants of the Divine Name and the vowels attached to it by the
Masoretes but belonging to an entirely different word. The sound of Y is
represented by J and the sound of W by V, as in Latin. The word "Jehovah"
does not accurately represent any form of the Name ever used in Hebrew."
Revised Standard Version pp.6-7 "Yahweh-the personal name of the God of the
Israelites . . . The Masoretes, Jewish biblical scholars of the Middle
Ages, replaced the vowel signs that had appeared above or beneath the
consonants of YHWH with the vowel signs of Adonai or of Elohim. Thus, the
artificial name Jehovah (YeHoWaH) came into being. Although Christian
scholars after the Rendssance and Reformation periods used the term Jehovah
for YHWH, in the 19th and 20th centuries biblical scholars again began to
use the form Yahweh. Early Christian writers, Such as Clement of Alexandria
in the 2nd century, had used the form Yahweh, thus this pronunciation of
the Tetragrammaton was never really lost. Greek transcriptions also
indicated that Yhwh Should be pronounced Yahweh." Encyclopedia Britannica
(Micropedia, vol. 10) In the Hebrew Bible the Jews wrote the consonants of
the Tetragrammaton as YHWH, but out of reverence for the sacred name of God
(or out of fear of violating Exod. 20:7; Lev. 24:16), they vocalized and
pronounced it as Adonai or occasionally as Elohim. It is unfortunate, then,
that the name was transliterated into German and ultimately into English as
Jehovah (which is the way the name is represented in the American Standard
Version of 1901), for this conflate form represents the vowels of Adonai
superimposed on the consonants of Yahweh, and it was never intended by the
Jews to be read as Yehowah (or Jehovah). The Jewish Encyclopaedia explains
the word Jehovah in a similar way. jewishencyclopedia.com (25/9/2005) "A
mispronunciation (introduced by Christian theologians, but almost entirely
disregarded by the Jews) of the Hebrew "Yhwh," the (ineffable) name of God
(the Tetragrammaton or "Shem ha-Meforash"). This pronunciation is
grammatically impossible; it arose through pronouncing the vowels of the
"?ere" (marginal reading of the Masorites: = "Adonay") with the consonants
of the "ketib" (text-reading: = "Yhwh")" The first time the Tetragrammaton
appeared in an English Bible was on the title page of William Tyndale's
Bible translation of 1525, where it was written as Iehouah. This was an
interlace of YHVH and Adonai. The King James Version also originally used
Iehouah, influenced by the Ben Chayim codex. The King James Bible changed
the spelling to Jehovah for the 1762-1769 edition. Combining YHWH with
Adonai is referred to as interlacing, fusing or superimposing. It could
hardly be considered accurate or respectful. The illogical fusion of the
sacred Name with the vowel points of another name is shown in the preface
to The J.B. Rotherham Emphasized Bible: "To give the name JHVH the vowels
of the word for Lord [Heb. Adonai], is about as hybrid a combination as it
would be to spell the name Germany with the vowels in the name Portugal -
viz., Gormuna. The monstrous combination Jehovah is not older than about
1520 A.D." The Watchtower argues that Jehovah is acceptable as it is a
translation. ""Yahweh" is obviously a transliteration, whereas "Jehovah" is
a translation, and Bible names generally have been translated rather than
transliterated." Awake! 1973 March 22 p.27 As already seen, this is not
accurate as Jehovah is also a transliteration, but of two separate words.
By combining the consonants from YHWH with the vowels from Adonai or
possibly Elohim the word Jehovah incorporates the very reason the original
pronunciation was lost. Advocates of the word Jehovah argue that it does
not matter whether the word is accurate or not, what is important is that
God is distinguished by a personal name. The Divine Name Brochure p.10, by
the Watchtower Society states: "Even though the modern pronunciation
Jehovah might not be exactly the way it was pronounced originally, this in
no way detracts from the importance of the name. While many translators
favor the pronunciation Yahweh, the New World Translation and also a number
of other translations continue the use of the form Jehovah because of
people's familiarity with it for centuries." When translating between
languages the pronunciation of names change and so it may not be essential
that in English the divine name is pronounced as God originally spoke it to
Moses. However, it is ironic that the word Jehovah mixes God's name with
the very superstition that caused it to stop being used in the first place.
Every time the word Jehovah is pronounced it is a reminder of this very
superstition Jehovah's Witnesses claim Hebrew was the first language as
given to Adam and Eve and that it will possibly be the language spoken in
the New System. (g71 2/22 p.10) The Watchtower Society prides itself on
possessing the pure language, on being the only religion to teach truth.
"Through the Theocratic organization of his anointed witnesses he has been
clearing up the Bible truth more and more and thus purifying their speech.
So now they talk and live in harmony with the language of the approaching
new world. And here, in this year of 1950, his providence brings forth this
New World Translation of the Christian Greek Scriptures as a further
purification of the speech of his people. He has graciously provided it as
a further powerful means for turning to the peoples a "pure
language"." Watchtower 1950 September 15 p.320 One might assume then that
the Watchtower would prefer to use the accurate version of God's name,
rather than the superstitious rendition. The word Jehovah is not an
accurate form of the divine name. It can be argued that it is the common
pronunciation in English and it is not important to use the name in its
correct version. It is strange though that the version chosen
actually incorporates the very reason that the divine name stopped being
used in the first place. The History of the name Jehovah's Witnesses Of key
importance to Jehovah's Witnesses, Isaiah 43:10 is known as their namesake.
Isaiah 43:10 ""YOU are my witnesses," is the utterance of Jehovah, "even my
servant whom I have chosen ..."" Most Witnesses believe that there have
always been a group of witnesses to Jehovah's name, and hence it must have
been of great importance to Russell. In actual fact, Russell placed greater
emphasis on Jesus than Jehovah, with his most important teaching being
"atonement" through Jesus' Ransom Sacrifice. Russell's followers were
referred to as Bible Students, and he remained opposed to being known as
anything other than a follower of Christ. "It was an evidence that those
Corinthians, who took the party names, had never really appreciated the
oneness of the Body of Christ; that they did not really appreciate that
Christ is the only head, leader and standard; and that his is the only name
by which his followers should recognize themselves and each other. Where
scoffers apply a name in derision, it is not the fault of the faithful. But
the true, loyal soldiers of the cross, should never own or recognize such a
name. Instances of names so originating are Methodists and Baptists, both
of which were first given in derision, but were afterwards adopted as party
names, representing sects, factions, or divisions in the body of Christ.
All true teachers are not only sent by Christ but receive their
instructions from him; and any man who attempts to put his own or any other
name upon all or any portion of the church is an opponent, an adversary to
the true and only Lord and Head of the church." Zion's Watch Tower Oct 1888
p.3 It is admitted in Jehovah's Witnesses - Proclaimers of God's Kingdom
that: "Isaiah 43:10, 12 was never discussed in any detail in The Watch
Tower during its first 40 years of publication." p.152 Russell expressed
that salvation is through Jesus, which is the core message of the New
Testament. It certainly was not Jehovah, which is not a name that appears
in the New Testament. "The correct Scriptural conviction that the only name
by which any can be saved is the name of Jesus: - faith in his sacrifice,
and obedience and devotion to him." Zion's Watchtower 1901 Aug 15 p.264 It
was in 1926 that the importance of the word Jehovah was introduced by
Rutherford, and it was not until 1931 that the term "Jehovah's Witness" was
taken. "Especially since the year 1926 they have been making known the name
of the heavenly Father of the King Jesus Christ, even going to the extent
of embracing the name "Jehovah's witnesses" in the year 1931." God's
Kingdom of a Thousand Years Has Approached p. 288 In response to the
radical new direction Rutherford was taking the Watchtower Society, many
left the Organization and formed independent Bible Student groups. In an
effort to distance his followers from this "evil slave class", Rutherford
introduced the distinguishing name Jehovah's Witnesses. This is discussed
in the Watchtower 1931 September 15 and October 1. Rutherford used Isaiah
62:2 as his principle reference. Isaiah 62:2 "And you will actually be
called by a new name, which the very mouth of Jehovah will designate." This
was poor choice of Scripture as just 2 verses later the name given is not
Jehovah but Hephzibah. Isaiah 62:4 "but you yourself will be called
(Hephzibah RSV) My Delight Is in Her." This erroneous reasoning was not
corrected till several years later, and Isaiah 43:10 brought to prominence
instead. "Although the evidence points persuasively to Jehovah's direction
in selection of the name Jehovah's Witnesses, The Watchtower (February 1,
1944, pp. 42-3; October 1, 1957, p. 607) and the book "New Heavens and a
New Earth" (pp. 231-7) later pointed out that this name is not the "new
name" referred to at Isaiah 62:2; 65:15; and Revelation 2:17, though the
name harmonizes with the new relationship referred to in the two texts in
Isaiah." Jehovah's Witnesses - Proclaimers of God's Kingdom p. 156 Footnote
The Watchtower gives precedence to the name Jehovah's Witnesses based on
Isaiah 43:10 in favour of the wealth of New Testament guidance to be
"witnesses of me" (Acts 1:8) - Christ Jesus. Luke 24:46-48 "In this way it
is written that the Christ would suffer and rise from among the dead on the
third day, and on the basis of his name repentance for forgiveness of sins
would be preached in all the nations-starting out from Jerusalem, YOU are
to be witnesses of these things." Acts 10:43 "To him all the prophets bear
witness, that everyone putting faith in him gets forgiveness of sins
through his name." Hebrews 12:1-2 "… we have so great a cloud of witnesses
surrounding us, … as we look intently at the Chief Agent and Perfecter of
our faith, Jesus." Revelation 17:6 "… the witnesses of Jesus." Further
effort to shift attention from Jesus to Jehovah was made in March 1939,
when The Watchtower and Herald of Christ's Kingdom was renamed The
Watchtower Announcing Jehovah's Kingdom. Related to this topic is that the
Watchtower promoted the Worship of Jesus until 1954. Jehovah's Witnesses
worshipped Jesus until 1954, after which they were told such worship was
idolatrous. This made them a polytheistic religion for most of their
history. The core to religion is God, and to change the God you worship is
to change the very essence and basis of the religion. Of the countless
alterations in Witness doctrine, the one regarding the Worship of Jesus is
most important of all. The major issues concerning the history and doctrine
of the Jehovah's Witnesses are prevalent within the Watchtower doctrine of
Jesus, clearly highlighting the manner in which the leaders operate. These
pandemic symptoms are threefold. Significant teachings change The
Watchtower misquotes its sources Current doctrines are not necessarily
correct Changed Teaching on Jesus Russell taught that we should worship
Jesus and the initial Watchtower Charter's specified that establishment of
the Watchtower Society was to promote the worship of Jehovah and Jesus. Yet
since the 1950's, worshipping Jesus became regarded as wrongful idolatry.
Russell promoted the worship of Jesus and prayer to him because he is our
God. "It seems clear that His Divinity was retained in humanity because He
repeatedly spoke of Himself as having come down from heaven, and because
He, though passing through trial and sorrow as a man, was yet possessed of
the authority and exercised the prerogatives of a God. He was the object of
unreproved worship even when a babe, by the wise men who came to see the
new-born King. Matt. 2:2-11. Even the angels delighted to do Him honor.
"When He bringeth the first-begotten into the world, He saith, "And let all
the angels of God worship Him." Heb. 1:6. He never reproved any one for
acts of worship offered to Himself, but when Cornelius offered such service
to Peter-the leading apostle- "he took him up, saying, stand up; I myself
also am a man." .... Had Christ not been more than a man the same reason
would have prevented from receiving worship...." Zion's Watch Tower 1880
Oct pp.2-3 "It is undoubtedly proper enough for us to address petitions to
our Redeemer and Advocate, who loved us and gave himself for us....Although
we are nowhere instructed to make petitions to him, it evidently could not
be improper so to do; for such a course is nowhere prohibited, and the
disciples worshiped him." Zion's Watch Tower 1892 May 15 p.157 "Question.
The fact that our Lord received worship is claimed by some to be an
evidence that while on earth he was God the Father disguised in a body of
flesh and not really a man. Was he really worshiped, or is the translation
faulty? Answer. Yes, we believe our Lord Jesus while on earth was really
worshiped, and properly so. It was proper for our Lord to receive worship
in view of his having been the only begotten of the Father and his agent in
the creation of all things, including man." Zion's Watch Tower 1898 Jul 15
p.216 "In one respect many of Christendom could learn numerous important
lessons from these wise Gentiles....They worshiped him in three senses of
the word: (1) They fell before him, prostrated themselves, thus physically
expressing their reverence. (2) They worshiped him in their hearts and with
the tongue gave expression to their rejoicing and confidence. (3) They
opened their treasure-box and presented to him three gifts appropriate to
royalty: the myrrh representing submission, frankincense representing
praise, gold representing obedience." Zion's Watch Tower 1906 Jan 1 p.15
Rutherford continued this teaching. "Jehovah God commands all to worship
Christ Jesus because Christ Jesus is the express image of his Father,
Jehovah, and because he is the Executive Officer of Jehovah always carrying
out Jehovah's purpose (Heb.:3-6)." Watchtower 1939 Nov 15 p.339 "During the
Millennium, "the princes will lead the people in their worship of Jehovah
and of Christ." Vindication Volume 3 (J. F. Rutherford, 1932) p.295 "The
people of all nations who obtain salvation must come to the house of the
Lord to worship there; that is to say, they must believe on and worship
Jehovah God and the Lord Jesus Christ, his chief instrument (Philippians
2:10, 11)." Salvation (J. F. Rutherford, 1939) p.151 Knorr continued to
teach we should worship Jesus and the 1940's Watchtower articles still
stated that Jesus was to be worshipped. "Now, at Christ's coming to reign
as king in Jehovah's capital organization Zion, to bring in a righteous new
world, Jehovah makes him infinitely higher than the godly angels or
messengers and accordingly commands them to worship him. Since Jehovah God
now reigns as King by means of his capital organization Zion, then
whosoever would worship Him must also worship and bow down to Jehovah's
Chief One in that capital organization, namely, Christ Jesus, his Co-regent
on the throne of The Theocracy." Watchtower 1945 Oct 15 p.313 In 1945,
Knorr amended the Watchtower's legal Charter. Included within the Charter
was the statement that the purpose of the Watchtower Society is to promote
the worship of Jehovah and Jesus. The 1945 Yearbook includes the Charter in
full. Part of the current charter states as follows: "The purposes of this
Society are: To act as the servant of and the legal world-wide governing
agency for that body of Christian persons known as Jehovah's Witnesses to
preach the gospel of God's kingdom under Christ Jesus unto all nations as a
witness to the name, word and supremacy of Almighty Good JEHOVAH; to print
and distribute Bibles and to disseminate Bible truths in various languages
by means of making and publishing literature containing information and
comment explaining Bible truths and prophecy concerning establishment of
Jehovah's kingdom under Christ Jesus to authorize and appoint agents,
servants, employees, teachers, instructors, evangelists, missionaries and
ministers to go forth to all the world publicly and from house to house to
preach and teach Bible truths to persons willing to listen by leaving with
such persons said literature and by conducting Bible studies thereon to
improve men, women and children mentally and morally by Christian
missionary work and by charitable and benevolent instruction of the people
on the Bible and incidental scientific, historical and literary subjects to
establish and maintain private Bible schools and classes for gratuitous
instruction of men and women in the Bible, Bible literature and Bible
history; to teach, train, prepare and equip men and women as ministers,
missionaries, evangelists, preachers, teachers and lecturers to provide and
maintain homes, places and buildings for gratuitous housing of such
students, lecturers, teachers and minister; to furnish gratuitously to such
students, lecturers, teachers, educators and ministers suitable meals and
lodging and to prepare, support, maintain and send out to various parts of
the world Christian missionaries, teachers and instructors in the Bible and
Bible literature and for public Christian worship of Almighty God and
Christ Jesus; to arrange for and hold local and world-wide assemblies for
such worship to use or operate radio broadcasting stations for preaching
this gospel of the kingdom; and to do any and all other lawful things that
its Board of Directors shall deem expedient for the purposes stated."
Therefore the Jehovah's Witness 1945 Charter states to worship Christ
Jesus. It was not until 1999 that worship of Jesus was finally removed to
simply state "arrange for and hold assemblies for religious worship;"
Worship of Jesus Becomes Idolatry In the 1950's, the Watchtower changed
their doctrine on Jesus to coincide with the release of the New World
Translation of the Holy Scriptures. Contrary to most other translations,
this new Bible version for Jehovah's Witnesses translated the word
proskuneō as obeisance rather than worship whenever it referred to Jesus.
This is despite the fact that with almost every other occurrence, the New
World Translation translates proskuneō as worship. Proskuneō occurs 60
times in the Greek Scriptures. Of the 17 times it applies to Jesus, all 17
occurrences were translated by the New World Translation as obeisance. (In
the 2013 revision, 2 of these times have been changed to "bow".) The only
other instance where prokuneō is translated as 'obeisance' is when
Cornelius bows to Peter. (Worship would be correct here as well. Peter
interprets this act as a form of worship, as he rejects it immediately.) Of
the remaining 42 times proskuneō appears, it is always translated as
worship, regardless of whether it is referring to Jehovah, angels, humans,
Satan, demons, the wild beast and its image, or idols. Why this
unusual stance in connection with Jesus? This is because the teaching about
Jesus was undergoing a dramatic change. The first clear statement that
Jesus must not be worshipped was in 1954. From that time forward there was
a new belief in the position of Jesus; that he should be neither prayed to
or worshipped. "Should we worship Jesus? Consequently, since the Scriptures
teach that Jesus Christ is not a trinitarian co-person with God the Father,
but is a distinct person, the Son of God, the answer to the above question
must be that no distinct worship is to be rendered to Jesus Christ now
glorified in heaven. Our worship is to go to Jehovah God. However, we show
the proper regard for God's only-begotten Son by rendering our worship to
God through and in the name of Jesus Christ. Even now when we kneel in
prayer, as Paul did according to Ephesians 3:14-19, we offer prayer in the
name of Jesus Christ in obedience to his own directions (John 15:16; 16:23-26),
but the prayer itself is addressed, not to Jesus, but to God his Father. In
this way we keep things in their relative positions." Watchtower 1954 Jan 1
p.31 "Trinitarians who believe that Jesus is God, or at least the second
person of the triune God, do not like to have Jehovah's witnesses say that
it is unscriptural for worshipers of the living and true God to render
worship to the Son of God, Jesus Christ" Watchtower 1964 Nov 1 p.671
"Reverent adoration should be expressed only to God. To render worship to
anyone or anything else would be a form of idolatry, which is condemned in
both the Hebrew and Greek Scriptures. Accordingly, true Christians do well
to direct their worship only to Jehovah God, the Almighty." Awake! 2000 Apr
8 pp.26,27 "Though some claim that prayer may properly be addressed to
others, such as to God's Son, the evidence is emphatically to the
contrary." Insight on the Scriptures Volume 2 p.667 Watchtower Misquotes On
occasion the Watchtower use misquotes to hide its history or prove
doctrines. For example, look at the way in which the charter is quoted
since the doctrine was changed. Though a Witness is bluntly told not to
worship Jesus, the Charter was not amended to reflect this new doctrine
until 1999. Therefore, for 45 years Witnesses were counselled against
worshipping Jesus even though to do so was stated as the express reason for
the existence of the Watchtower Society. This is despite the fact that it
is considered idolatry to worship and pray to Jesus and will result in a
Witness being disfellowshipped. It is interesting to see how the Watchtower
dealt with having in its charter that Jesus is to be worshipped. They
either misquoted it or avoided it completely. The Yearbook of 1969 p.50
leaves the words "and Christ Jesus" out altogether, cheekily replacing them
with dots. "for public Christian worship of Almighty God … ; to arrange
for" The section of the charter shown above is quoted almost in full in
the footnote of the 1971 Watchtower on page 760, altering one small but
significant word (which it correctly places in brackets) to significantly
hide and change the true meaning of the sentence. "for public Christian
worship of Almighty God [through] Christ Jesus; to arrange for..."
Watchtower 1971 Dec 15 p.760 The 1993 Proclaimers book, outlining a history
of the Watchtower Society, failed to even admit what is in the Charter.
Current Questionable Doctrine Up until 1938, the Watchtower title included
the words Herald of Christ's Presence. In 1939, the title of the January
1st issue changed to The Watchtower and Herald of Christ’s Kingdom. On
March 1st, 1939 the word Christ was removed and replaced with Jehovah. To
this day it is now The Watchtower Announcing Jehovah's Kingdom. It is
interesting to understand why it was originally taught that Jesus is a God
worthy of our worship and prayers. Jesus is a God John 1:1 " and the Word
was a god." John 20:28-29 "In answer Thomas said to him: "My Lord and my
God!" Jesus said to him: "Because you have seen me have you believed? Happy
are those who do not see and yet believe."" Jesus was worshipped The Bible
repeatedly says that Jesus was worshipped. The New World Translation is
virtually alone in translating the word proskuneo as obeisance. Yet look at
the context of the following scripture to understand that the thought given
is one of reverential worship. Hebrews 1:6 "But when he again brings his
Firstborn into the inhabited earth, he says: "And let all God's angels do
obeisance (proskuneo, worship) to him." Jesus is our creator John 1:2-4
"This one was in [the] beginning with God. All things came into existence
through him, and apart from him not even one thing came into existence.
What has come into existence by means of him was life, and the life was the
light of men." Jesus was prayed to Acts 7:59 "And they went on casting
stones at Stephen as he made appeal and said: "Lord Jesus, receive my
spirit." Stephen prayed to Jesus whilst being stoned to death. Unlike most
translations, the New World Translation uses the word appeal instead of
prayer. However, the footnote to New World Translation, 1950 edition,
states (footnote b: "invocation; prayer"). The Emphatic Diaglott by
Benjamin Wilson and published by the Watchtower Society also refers to "the
prayer of Stephen" in its' footnote. Regardless of whether Stephen appealed
or prayed to Jesus, it is clear what the writer meant. The reason the New
World Translation is averse to using the word prayer is that it is an
indication of worship. Can you imagine what would happen today if an elder
stood on the platform and prayed to Jesus instead of Jehovah? This leads to
a very interesting problem. If Jehovah's Witnesses worshipped Jehovah and
worshipped Jesus that means they were worshipping two Gods. Does that not
then make them Polytheistic? Yet Deuteronomy 6:4 states 'Jehovah our God is
one Jehovah". The first of the ten commandments stated at Exodus 20:2-3 "I
am Jehovah your God, who have brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of
the house of slaves. You must not have any other gods against my face." By
current Watchtower teaching, until 1954 Russell and all Jehovah's Witnesses
were idolaters, a sin Revelation 21:8 describes as worthy of the second
death. If that is the case, they cannot be part of the 144,000 heavenly
rulers. Early Jewish Christians grappled with this concept. Their
background was Monotheistic, yet they were to worship Jesus, pray to him
and refer to him as God. This left first century Christians with a Father
and a Son and the Holy Spirit referred to as their God (Matthew 28:19, "Go
ye therefore and teach all nations, baptizing them in the name of the
Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost," Acts 5:3-4, "But Peter
said, Ananias, why hath Satan filled thine heart to lie to the Holy Ghost,
and to keep back part of the price of the land? Whiles it remained, was it
not thine own? and after it was sold, was it not in thine own power? why
hast thou conceived this thing in thine heart? thou hast not lied unto men,
but unto God.") their creator and to be worshipped; yet they could not
accept polytheism. Christianity worshipped only one God therefore the
Trinitarian concept was understood to mean within the nature of the one,
eternal God were three eternally distinct persons. The very earliest of the
Christian writers describe Jesus as immortal (Mathetes), God (Justin
Martyr) and co-equal (Tertullian) with the Father. It is with this
understanding that a Jehovah's Witness can start to consider that the
current Watchtower doctrine of God which has evolved over time does not
have strong Scriptural support at all. For more information on the Biblical
nature of God see our playlist " Dealing with Anti Trinitarians (UPC) &
Early Church History" with 48 videos at
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL9931642C7C8FFEAB.
With significant & continual Watchtower doctrinal change on essential
Biblical issues, concerned persons should really question whether the Holy
Spirit directs the Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses in anything they
do or say. Once it is recognized that Watchtower articles have dishonestly
hidden information from their readers & have been doing so for a long, long
time how can anything they produce be trusted without suspicion. Jehovah's
Witnesses, like a herd of cattle being guided unsuspectingly to the
slaughterhouse, have failed to question the trustworthiness of Watchtower
material & their truth claims leading to a fulfillment of Jesus' statement,
"they be blind leaders of the blind. And if the blind lead the blind, both
shall fall into the ditch." (Matthew 15:14)
For more information see: www.jwinfoline.com, www.cftf.com &
www.BibleQuery.org. Matthew 7:15, "Beware of false prophets, which come to
you in sheep's clothing, but inwardly they are ravening wolves."
Hear "Why You Can Believe The Bible" by Voddie Baucham at
//www.sermonaudio.com/sermoninfo.asp?SID=91314616480 & Dr. James White
concerning "Can I Trust My Bible?" at
//www.sermonaudio.com/search.asp?seriesOnly=true&currSection=sermonstopic&sourceid=immanuelbc&keyword=Can+I+Trust+My+Bible%3F&keyworddesc=Can+I+Trust+My+Bible%3F which
includes "Textual Criticism: Reliability, Answering Critics, Bible Versions
& Sufficiency of Scripture."
How Do We Know the Bible is True? Is it Really the Word of God? Many
critics of Christianity attack the Bible’s truthfulness. Many don’t
believe it because they say it was written by man. Is the Bible really God
speaking to man? Is the Bible of human origin or a direct revelation from
God? The Bible The word Bible is from the root word “biblios” which is
Greek for “little books.“ The Bible contains 66 books and was written by
40 authors. The books you see in most Bibles have been tried and tested
and were generally accepted by the early church. For centuries the Bible
was not available to the general public due to their being only hand-copied
ones available. The Bible has been banned from many nations, it has been
burned by others, it has been declared out of date by moderns, but it has
brought salvation to untold millions. It is the unbridled truth and the
unchangeable Word of God that changes those who read it. When people read
it, it reads them too! It comforts the afflicted and afflicts the
comfortable. What follows is conclusive evidence that we can believe that
the Bible is God speaking to us and not just the words of men. Thus Says
the Lord or Thus Says Man?
If the Bible were indeed a work of man, then we would expect some of the
words to say, “thus says the prophet Jeremiah” or “thus says Peter an
Apostle of God” but it doesn’t. From what I could count, “Thus says the
Lord” is recorded 418 times. If it were of human origin, then we would
read somewhere that the Bible or the message came from a certain author but
we never see that anywhere. On the contrary, we read over 1,000 times
where “Jesus said” and “Thus says the Lord” were written down. In fact,
even the Book of Revelation is not called John’s Book of Revelation at
all. In Revelation 1:1-2 we see where the words of this book came from:
“The revelation from Jesus Christ, which God gave him to show his servants
what must soon take place. He made it known by sending his angel to his
servant John.” So John was just the recipient of the book as he just wrote
down what he was told. Paul said, “All Scripture is God-breathed and is
useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting and training in righteousness” (2
Tim 3:16). Paul clearly said that all Scripture is God-breathed…not just
the New Testament or the Old Testament, but all Scripture. Peter
reiterates it by writing, “For prophecy never had its origin in the will of
man, but men spoke from God as they were carried along by the Holy Spirit”
(2 Pet 1:21). Peter would tell you that “you must understand that no
prophecy of Scripture came about by the prophet’s own interpretation” (2
Pet 1:20).
God gives a very serious warning to anyone who takes away or adds to any of
the words in the Bible, indicating that only He gives the words of this
book and no human had better tamper with it. In Revelation 22:19 God warns
that if anyone adds to or takes away any of the words of the Bible, He
“…shall take away his part out of the book of life, and out of the holy
city (heaven or the new Jerusalem)”. This same warning is given in the Old
Testament in Deuteronomy 4:2.
Alleged Errors in Transcribing
When the Word of God was reproduced to make another copy, well before the
printing press was invented, there were 70 scribes that worked on it with
expert precision second to none. Imagine that each of the scribes had the
other sixty-nine scribes check their writings for error. Each of these
seventy scribes reviewed each other’s work and every written copy, letter
by letter, line by line, book by book were examined meticulously. If any
errors were found, the started all over again on that particular book or
page. Imagine you’re one of the scribes and you have just finished a
section. Now the other sixty-nine scribes check your work and compare it
to the original. The amazing fact is that their methods resulted in such
an accurate reproduction of scripture that only one error for every fifteen
hundred words occurred and these errors were so slight that they never
affected the content. This copying left absolutely no room for any private
interpretation or mistranslation at all. By modern standards, the accuracy
rate is superior to that of Microsoft’s Spelling and Grammar Check, which
by the way is not perfect. When you consider the stringent guidelines and
conditions, no one can dispute that the translation differences had any
negative effect on the message of the Bible or its general context.
Manuscript Evidence
New Testament manuscripts have been preserved by the thousands and the fact
is that no other ancient works in human history have such enormous
documented and recorded histories as does the Bible. There are about 6,000
complete or fragmented Greek manuscripts, 10,000 Latin manuscripts and over
9,000 manuscripts in various other ancient languages. The dates of these
manuscripts range from the 2nd century up to the invention of the printing
press in the 15th century. Nearly ever year there are more New Testament
manuscripts discovered that were handwritten in the original Greek format
which continues to add to the enormous collection already on hand. In
2008, 47 new Greek manuscripts were discovered in Albania. Of these, 17 of
them were unknown to Western scholars.
The fact is that the amount of manuscript evidence is astounding. There
are over 25,000 New Testament manuscripts of which 5,000 of these date from
the first century. What that translates into for Historians is what is
called a primary source. A primary source is a source that comes from eye
witnesses. The nearly 6,000 Dead Sea Scrolls are so close in agreement,
contextually, that there is only 0.01% in differences and the main
differences are only in the differentiation of vowels. In no way do these
miniscule differences affect the text or the context.
One of the greatest supportive facts is that the evidence verifies the
dating of Matthew’s Gospel as far back as A.D. 60. Scholars argue that
Mark wrote the first Gospel. This places the composition of Mark to within
20 years of the events that took place and were recorded in his Gospel.
With the evidence that the synoptic Gospels (Matthew, Mark, and Luke) and
Luke’s second volume, Acts, were written so close to the time of the
crucifixion, the record of the events of Jesus’ life, death, and
resurrection makes these facts indisputable. Luke and Acts was originally
one book but was later separated into two books for the reader’s
convenience but the content never changed. The fact that they were written
within the lifetimes of those who were eyewitnesses is evidence strong
enough to hold up in a court of law. Since the Old and New Testament
manuscripts have been preserved by the thousands and there are no other
ancient works in human history to compare to it, what we have today in the
Bible is as a reliable source as any current historical account or
newspaper printed today. The Bible is the Word of God, as men were moved
by the Holy Spirit to write it. It is God speaking to us and it is without
error and full of truth.
If God has revealed Himself in propositional form, that revelation would
have certain properties due to His infinite knowledge and moral perfection:
It would be entirely true - His infinite knowledge would prevent errors and
His truthfulness would keep Him from deception.
It would be a coherent unity, therefore not self- contradictory.
It would contain God's will for man, and provide the motivation to live
according to that will (1).
God has revealed Himself in the Bible without error. The Bible itself
claims this inerrancy (2 Timothy 3:16-17 (2); Matthew 5:18 (3); etc.).
Let's look at some of the proofs for the Bible's claim to be the infallible
word of God.
Archaeological evidence
The first proof we have testifying to the reliability of the Bible is the
archaeological evidence. Nelson Glueck, a respected Jewish archaeologist
claims: "It may be stated categorically that no archaeological discovery
has ever contradicted a biblical reference." (4) The liberals made wild
claims against the Bible a hundred years ago but now they are silent. This
is not true of other religions. The Mormon claim for inspiration of the
Book of Mormon has been categorically condemned by the Smithsonian
Institute because of the fallacies shown by archaeology; this is not so
with the Bible. A.N. Sherwin-White, a respected classical historian at
Oxford says, "For Acts the confirmation of historicity is overwhelming...",
although, not being a Christian, he still regarded it as being
"propaganda."(5)
Historicity of Jesus
A case in point is the historicity of Jesus. Although many atheists state
that Jesus never lived, He is mentioned by many contemporary, non-Christian
historians. Let us look at the evidence.
Flavius Josephus, a first century Jewish historian wrote of Jesus and the
Christians:
"so he [Ananus, son of Ananus the high priest] assembled the sanhedrin of
judges, and brought before him the brother of Jesus, who was called Christ,
whose name was James, and some others (or some of his companions) and when
he had formed an accusation against them, he delivered them to be stoned."
(6)
Other Jewish rabbinical writings, including Rabbi Eliezer and writers of
the Talmud, talk about Jesus and his miracles. Surprisingly to many
atheists, they never denied that miracles took place, but attempted to
explain them as a result of evil (7). More information about Jesus in the
Talmud can be found at Jesus Christ In The Talmud.
Cornelius Tacitus wrote about Jesus and the first century Christians in his
Annals (a history of the Roman empire):
"Christus, from whom the name had its origin, suffered the extreme penalty
during the reign of Tiberius at the hands of one of our procurators,
Pontius Pilatus." (8)
Thallus, a Samaritan historian, wrote ca. 52 A.D. attempting to give a
natural explanation for the earthquake and darkness which occurred at the
crucifixion of Jesus. Mara Bar-Seraphon wrote a letter to his son in 73
A.D. which tells of the deaths of Socrates, Pythagoras, and of Jesus, "What
advantage did the Jews gain from executing their wise king?...Nor did the
wise king die for good; he lived on in the teaching which he had given."
Jesus is also mentioned by Phlegon, a first-century historian, Lucian of
Samosata (in The Passing Peregrinus), and Plinius Secundus, (Pliny the
Younger).
Scholars have made statements such as, "no serious scholar has ventured to
postulate the non-historicity of Jesus ." (9) The latest version of
Encyclopedia Britannica says in its discussion of the multiple
extra-biblical witnesses:
"These independent accounts prove that in ancient times even the opponents
of Christianity never doubted the historicity of Jesus, which was disputed
for the first time and on inadequate grounds by several authors at the end
of the 18th, during the 19th, and at the beginning of the 20th centuries."
(10)
Even the atheist H. G. Wells spoke of Jesus, "...one is obliged to say,
"Here was a man. This part of the tale could not have been invented." (11)
Scientific evidence
Recent scientific evidence is adding to the evidence supporting the
reliability of biblical chronology from the scriptures. This study
demonstrated the reliability of the Biblical record regarding the Egyptian
plagues and demise of Jericho.
Drs. Hendrik J. Bruins and Johannes van der Plicht reported in the
prestigious British journal, Nature (12), that the destruction of Jericho
was dated to 1580 (+/- 13 years) B.C. (using 14C dating). This date is
significant, since several archeologists have insisted that Jericho was
destroyed by the Egyptians between 1550 and 1300 B.C. The recent study
discredits the Egyptian theory, since the date is much too old.
What is even more exciting is that scientists, using 14C dating and tree
rings, have found evidence of a volcanic eruption from the Aegean island of
Thera, which recently has been dated to 1628 B.C. (13). This would place
the eruption at 45 years prior to the destruction of Jericho, at a time
which coincidentally corresponds to the time of the plagues the Lord
unleashed upon Egypt. Check out Exodus 10:
Then the Lord said to Moses, "Stretch out your hand toward the sky, that
there may be darkness over the land of Egypt, even a darkness which may be
felt." So Moses stretched out his hand toward the sky, and there was thick
darkness in all the land of Egypt for three days. (Exodus 10:21-22)
Even the researchers commented that the 45 years difference in events was
"rather striking."
The Bible's Uniqueness and Unity
The next proof is the Bible's uniqueness and unity. The Bible was written
by over 40 authors who came from just about every walk of life conceivable,
including fisherman, kings, a butler, priests, and a tax collector. The 66
books of the Bible were written over a 1,500 year span in three languages
on three continents with one theme and no contradictions. C.J. Sharp
captures this miracle well:
"If a fragment of stone were found in Italy, another in Asia Minor, another
in Greece, another in Egypt, and on and on until sixty-six fragments had
been found, and if when put together they fitted perfectly together, making
a perfect statue of Venus de Milo, there is not an artist or scientist but
would arrive immediately at the conclusion that there was originally a
sculptor who conceived and carved the statue. The very lines and
perfections would probably determine which of the great ancient artists
carved the statue. Not only the unity of the Scriptures, but their lines of
perfection, suggest One far above any human as the real author. That could
be no one but God (14)."
Prophetic evidence
Yet another reason Christians believe God is the ultimate author of the
Bible is the predictive prophecies in the Bible. This aspect is unique to
the world's religions because if one predicts something will happen and it
does not, they are proven to be phony. The Bible is literally filled with
detailed prophecies that have been fulfilled with 100% accuracy. Here is a
list of 85 Messianic prophecies along with their fulfillment through the
life, ministry, death and resurrection of Jesus:
Prophecies of Jesus of Nazareth as Messiah
#Prophetic ScriptureSubjectFulfilled
1
Genesis 3:15
seed of a woman
Galatians 4:4
2
Genesis 12:3, Genesis 22:18
descendant of Abraham
Matthew 1:1, Acts 3:25
3
Genesis 17:19, Genesis 21:12
descendant of Isaac
Luke 3:34, Luke 3:23-24
4
Genesis 28:14, Numbers 24:17
descendant of Jacob
Matthew 1:2, Luke 3:23-24
5
Genesis 49:10
from the tribe of Judah
Luke 3:23-24, Luke 3:33
6
Isaiah 9:6, 11:1-5, Jeremiah 23:5-6
descendant of David
Matthew 1:1, Luke 3:23-24
7
Isaiah 11:1
descendant of Jesse
Luke 3:23-24
8
Ezekiel 37:24
will shepherd His people
Matthew 2:6
9
Isaiah 9:7
heir to the throne of David
Luke 1:32-33
10
Micah 5:2
His pre-existence
Colossians 1:17
11
Isaiah 9:6, Micah 5:1
eternal existence
John 8:58, 11, 14, Ephesians 1:3-14, Colossians 1:15-19
12
Psalm 45:6-7, Psalm 102:25-27
anointed and eternal
Hebrews 1:8-12
13
Psalm 110:1
called Lord
Matthew 22:43-45
14
Isaiah 33:22
judge
John 5:30
15
Psalm 2:6
king
Matthew 27:37
16
Micah 5:2
born in Bethlehem
Matthew 2:1, Luke 2:4-5, 7
17
Daniel 9:25
time for His birth
Matthew 2:1, 16, 19, Luke 2:1-2
18
Isaiah 7:14
to be born of a virgin
Matthew 1:18, 24, 25, Luke 1:26-27, 30-31
19
Psalm 72:9
worshipped by shepherds
Luke 2:8-15
20
Psalm 72:10
honored by great kings
Matthew 2:1-11
21
Jeremiah 31:15
slaughter of children
Matthew 2:16-18
22
Hosea 11:1
flight to Egypt
Matthew 2:14-15
23
Isaiah 40:3-5
the way prepared
Matthew 3:1,2, Luke 3:3-6
24
Malachi 3:1
preceded by a forerunner
Luke 7:24, 27
25
Malachi 4:5-6
preceded by Elijah
Matthew 11:13-14
26
Psalm 2:7, Proverbs 30:4
declared the Son of God
Matthew 3:17, Luke 1:32
27
Isaiah 9:5-6, Jeremiah 23:5-6
God's name applied to Him
Romans 10:9, Philippians 2:9-11
28
Isaiah 11:2, 61:1, Psalm 45:8
anointment of Holy Spirit
Matthew 3:16, 17, John 3:34, Acts 10:38
29
Isaiah 9:1-2
Galilean ministry
Matthew 4:13-16
30
Psalm 78:2-4
speaks in parables
Matthew 13:34-35
31
Isaiah 56:7, Jeremiah 7:11
temple becomes a house of merchandise instead of prayer
Matthew 21:13
32
Psalm 69:9
zeal of Jews for the temple instead of God
John 2:17
33
Deuteronomy 18:15, 18
a prophet
Matthew 21:11, Acts 3:20, 22
34
Isaiah 29:18, Isaiah 35:5-6
blind, deaf, and lame are healed by the Messiah
Luke 7:22, Matthew 9:35, 11:3-5
35
Isaiah 40:11, 42:2-3, Isaiah 53:7
Messiah will be meek and mild
Matthew 12:18-20, Matthew 11:29, Hebrews 4:15
36
Isaiah 53:9
Be sinless and without guile
1 Peter 2:22
37
Isaiah 42:1, Isaiah 49:1
will minister to Gentiles
Matthew 12:18-21Luke 2:32
38
Isaiah 61:1-2
to bind up the brokenhearted
Luke 4:18-19
39
Isaiah 53:12, Isaiah 59:16
to intercede for the people
Romans 8:34, Hebrews 7:25
40
Isaiah 53:3, 8:14, 28:16, 63:3, Psalms 69:6, 118:22
rejected by His own people, the Jews
John 1:11, 7:5,48, Luke 23:18, Acts 4:11, 1 Peter 2:6-8
41
Psalm 118:22
Be rejected by the Jewish leadership
Matthew 21:42, John 7:48
42
Psalm 2:1-2
plotted against by Jews and Gentiles alike
Acts 4:27
43
Psalm 110:4
priest after the order of Melchizedek
Hebrews 5:5-6
44
Zechariah 9:9
enter Jerusalem on donkey
Mark 11:7, 9, 11, Luke 19:35-37
45
Haggai 2:7-9, Malachi 3:1
entered the temple with authority
Matthew 21:12, Luke 2:27-38
46
Psalm 8:2
adored by infants
Matthew 21:15-16
47
Isaiah 53:1
not believed
John 12:37-38
48
Zechariah 13:7
sheep of the Shepherd scattered
Matthew 26:31, Mark 14:50
49
Psalm 41:9, 55:13-15
betrayed by a close friend
Matthew 10:4, Luke 22:47-48
50
Zechariah 11:12
betrayed for thirty pieces of silver
Matthew 26:14-15
51
Zechariah 11:13
betrayal money used to buy Potter's field
Matthew 27:6-7
52
Psalm 35:11
accused by false witnesses
Mark 14:57-58
53
Isaiah 53:7
silent to accusations
Matthew 27:12, Mark 15:4-5
54
Isaiah 50:6
spat on
Matthew 26:67, 27:30
55
Isaiah 50:6
beaten
Matthew 26:67, 27:26, 30
56
Micah 4:14
struck on cheek
Matthew 27:30
57
Isaiah 49:7, Psalm 35:19, Psalm 69:4
hated without reason
John 7:48, 15:24-25
58
Isaiah 53:5
wounded and bruised
Matthew 27:26
59
Isaiah 53:5
vicarious sacrifice
John 1:29, , 3:16, Romans 5:6, 8
60
Daniel 9:24-26
cut off, but not for Himself
Matthew 2:1, Luke 3:1, 23
61
Isaiah 53:12
crucified with malefactors
Matthew 27:38, Mark 15:27-28
62
Zechariah 12:10, Psalm 22:16
pierced through hands and feet
Luke 23:33, John 20:25-27
63
Psalm 22:7-8
sneered and mocked
Matthew 27:31, Luke 23:35
64
Psalm 109:24, 25
fell under the cross
Luke 23:26
65
Psalm 69:9
was reproached
Romans 15:3
66
Psalm 38:11
friends stood afar off
Luke 23:49
67
Psalm 109:25
people shook their heads
Matthew 27:39
68
Psalm 22:17
stared upon
Luke 23:35
69
Psalm 22:16, 69:21
given vinegar for His thirst
Matthew 27:34, John 19:28-29
70
Psalm 109:4, Isaiah 53:12
prayer for His enemies
Luke 23:34
71
Psalm 22:17-18
soldiers gambled for His clothing
Matthew 27:35-36, John 19:23, 24
72
Psalm 22:1
forsaken by God
Matthew 27:46
73
Psalm 31:5
committed Himself to God
Luke 23:46
74
Exodus 12:46, Psalm 34:20
no bones broken
John 19:32, 33, 36
75
Psalm 22:14
heart broken
John 19:34
76
Zechariah 12:10
His side pierced
John 19:34
77
Amos 8:9
darkness over the land
Matthew 27:45
78
Isaiah 53:9
buried with the rich
Matthew 27:57-60
79
Psalm 3:5, 16:10, 49:15
to be resurrected
Mark 16:6-7, Acts 2:31
80
Isaiah 44:3, Joel 2:28
sent the Holy Spirit
John 20:22, Acts 2:16-17
81
Isaiah 55:3-4, Jeremiah 31:31
establishes a new covenant
Matthew 26:28, Luke 22:20, Hebrews 8:6-10
82
Psalm 68:18, Psalm 110:1
His ascension to God's right hand
Mark 16:19, Acts 1:9, 1 Corinthians 15:4, Ephesians 4:8, Hebrews 1:3
83
Psalm 29:11, Micah 4:3
peace proclaimed by disciples
Luke 2:14, John 14:27, Acts 10:36
84
Isaiah 60:3
"Light" to Gentiles
Acts 13:47,48
85
Isaiah 11:10, 42:1, 49:1-12
the Gentiles will seek the Messiah
Romans 11:25, 15:10
Although some of these prophecies are vague and could have been
deliberately fulfilled, many are very specific: 16. Place of birth (Micah
5:2). 17. Date of birth (Daniel 9:25). 18. Manner of birth (Isaiah 7:14).
62. Manner of death (Zechariah 12:10; Psalm 22:16 prophesied before the
invention of crucifixion). 76. Piercing in side (Zechariah 12:10). 78.
Burial (Isaiah 53:9).
The Bible made several prophecies of the complete destruction of cities.
Many of the cities it said would be rebuilt and several it claimed would
never be rebuilt - The Bible is 100% accurate in both categories as
archeology shows. One amazing example is the city of Tyre. Ezekiel
26:3-5,7,12,14 and (15) predict:
Nebuchadnezzar will take the city.
Other nations will participate in the fulfillment.
The city is to be made flat like the top of a rock.
It is to become a place for spreading nets.
Its stones and timber are to be laid in the sea.
The old city of Tyre will never be rebuilt.
History records that Nebuchadnezzar took the adjacent mainland settlement
of Ushu ("Old Tyre"), but the people escaped out to the island city. Later,
Alexander the Great took the island off the coast by taking the old city's
rubble and throwing it into the sea making a land-bridge (this caused the
old city to look flat like a rock due to the scraping of the material). The
old city is now a place for fisherman but no city has been planted there
even though there is an excellent water supply to support a major city.
Shelly, Rubel. 1990. Prepare To Answer. Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, p
92.
All Scripture is inspired by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof,
for correction, for training in righteousness; that the man of God may be
adequate, equipped for every good work. (2 Timothy 3:16)
"For truly I say to you, until heaven and earth pass away, not the smallest
letter or stroke shall pass away from the Law, until all is accomplished."
(Matthew 5:18)
Nelson Glueck, Rivers in the Desert, Farrar, Strauss and Cudahy, New York,
1959, p. 31.
"For Acts the confirmation of historicity is overwhelming. Yet Acts is, in
simple terms and judged externally, no less a propaganda document than the
Gospels, liable to similar distortion. But any attempt to reject its basic
historicity even in matters of detail must now appear absurd." A. N.
Sherwin-White. 1978. Roman Society and Roman Law in the New Testament.
Baker, Grand Rapids, p. 189.
Flavius Josephus The Antiquities of the Jews 20.9.1
Matthew 12:24, Mark 3:22, Luke 11:15, Flavius Josephus The Antiquities of
the Jews 18:63, Talmud P. Ta'an. 65b, and the Sanhedrin 3a
Cornelius Tacitus Annals 15.44 from The Tech Classics Archive translated by
Alfred John Church and William Jackson Brodribb
Otto Betz. 1968. What do We Know about Jesus?, SCM Press, page 9.
Encyclopedia Britannica (Article on "Jesus")
H. G. Wells, Outline Of History.
Bruins, H.J. and J. van der Plicht. 1996. The Exodus enigma. Nature 382:
213-214.
Friedrich, W.L., P. Wagner, and H. Tauber. 1990. Thera and the Aegean World
III Thera Foundation, London, UK.
Kuniholm, P.I., B. Kromer, S.W. Manning, M. Newton, C.E. Latini, and M.J.
Bruce. 1996. Anatolian tree rings and the absolute chronology of the
eastern Mediterranean, 2220-718 BC. Nature 381: 780-783.
Renfrew, C. 1996. Kings, tree rings and the old world. Nature 381: 733-734.
Shelly, Rubel. 1990. Prepare To Answer. Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, p
114.
therefore, thus says the Lord God,` Behold, I am against you, O Tyre, and I
will bring up many nations against you, as the sea brings up its waves. And
they will destroy the walls of Tyre and break down her towers; and I will
scrape her debris from her and make her a bare rock. She will be a place
for the spreading of nets in the midst of the sea, for I have spoken,'
declares the Lord God, `and she will become spoil for the nations.'... For
thus says the Lord God, "Behold, I will bring upon Tyre from the north
Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, king of kings, with horses, chariots,
cavalry, and a great army.... Also they will make a spoil of your riches
and a prey of your merchandise, break down your walls and destroy your
pleasant houses, and throw your stones and your timbers and your debris
into the water.... And I will make you a bare rock; you will be a place for
the spreading of nets. You will be built no more, for I the Lord have
spoken," declares the Lord God.... "Then all the princes of the sea will go
down from their thrones, remove their robes, and strip off their
embroidered garments. They will clothe themselves with trembling; they will
sit on the ground, tremble every moment, and be appalled at you." (Ezekiel
26:3-5,7,12,14,16)
Is the Bible inspired?
The doctrine of the inspiration of the Bible means that the Bible in the
original documents is God-breathed, and that it is a divine product; and
because it is divine, the original documents are inerrant. The copies of
those documents are not inspired. We have copies of inspired documents.
2 Tim. 3:16-17 says, "All Scripture is inspired by God and profitable for
teaching, for reproof, for correction, for training in righteousness; 17
that the man of God may be adequate, equipped for every good work." Paul
who wrote this epistle was obviously referring to the entirety of the Old
Testament as being inspired. The word "inspired" is literally
"God-breathed." This is an interesting phrase since it implies that the
Scriptures are from the mouth of God. Likewise, Peter says in 2 Pet. 1:21,
"for no prophecy was ever made by an act of human will, but men moved by
the Holy Spirit spoke from God." Notice that Peter is stating that prophecy
is not the product of human will. Instead, prophecy occurs by those moved
by the Holy Spirit.
Furthermore, we can easily see that the Old Testament Scriptures are full
of statements and phrases claiming to be the Word of God.
"Thus says the Lord" occurs 418 times in the NASB, 413 in the KJV
Exodus 4:22, "Then you shall say to Pharaoh, Thus says the Lord, 'Israel is
My son, My first-born.'"
1 Kings 11:31, "And he said to Jeroboam, 'Take for yourself ten pieces; for
thus says the Lord, the God of Israel, Behold, I will tear the kingdom out
of the hand of Solomon and give you ten tribes.'"
Isaiah 7:7, "thus says the Lord God, 'It shall not stand nor shall it come
to pass.'"
"God said" occurs 46 times in both the NASB and the KJV
Genesis 1:3, "Then God said, 'Let there be light'; and there was light."
Exodus 3:14, "And God said to Moses, 'I AM WHO I AM'; and He said, "Thus
you shall say to the sons of Israel, I AM has sent me to you."
Exodus 6:2-3, "God spoke further to Moses and said to him, 'I am the Lord;
and I appeared to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, as God Almighty, but by My
name, Lord, I did not make Myself known to them.'"
God spoke through prophets
1 Kings 14:18, "And all Israel buried him and mourned for him, according to
the word of the Lord which He spoke through His servant Ahijah the prophet."
2 Sam. 24:11-12, "When David arose in the morning, the word of the Lord
came to the prophet Gad, David's seer, saying, 12 'Go and speak to David,
Thus the Lord says, "I am offering you three things; choose for yourself
one of them, which I may do to you."'"
Zech. 7:7, "Are not these the words which the Lord proclaimed by the former
prophets, when Jerusalem was inhabited and prosperous with its cities
around it, and the Negev and the foothills were inhabited?"
The Spirit of the Lord spoke through people
2 Sam. 23:2, "The Spirit of the Lord spoke by me, and His word was on my
tongue."
1 Kings 22:24, "Then Zedekiah the son of Chenaanah came near and struck
Micaiah on the cheek and said, 'How did the Spirit of the Lord pass from me
to speak to you?'"
2 Chron. 20:14-15, "Then in the midst of the assembly the Spirit of the
Lord came upon Jahaziel the son of Zechariah, the son of Benaiah, the son
of Jeiel, the son of Mattaniah, the Levite of the sons of Asaph; 15 and he
said, 'Listen, all Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem and King
Jehoshaphat: thus says the Lord to you, Do not fear or be dismayed because
of this great multitude, for the battle is not yours but God's.'"
As you can see, the Old Testament Scriptures are clearly full of statements
showing the inspiration of God through the writers. The Old Testament
assumes and speaks from the perspective of divine inspiration. Should we do
any less?
What about the New Testament?
We see that the Old Testament is repeatedly spoken of as being inspired via
the numerous references cited above but what about the New Testament? Are
the New Testament books inspired as well?
The Christian church has always considered the New Testament documents to
be inspired. Though in the early church there were some debates on which
New Testament books to include in the Bible, God worked through the
Christian church to recognize those inspired works. Therefore we now have
27 inspired books for the New Testament.
In 1 Cor. 14:37 Paul said, "If anyone thinks he is a prophet or spiritual,
let him recognize that the things which I write to you are the Lord's
commandment." In 2 Pet. 3:16 Peter said, "as also in all [Paul's] letters,
speaking in them of these things, in which are some things hard to
understand, which the untaught and unstable distort, as they do also the
rest of the Scriptures, to their own destruction." Also, Jesus said in John
14:26, "But the Helper, the Holy Spirit, whom the Father will send in My
name, He will teach you all things, and bring to your remembrance all that
I said to you." This means that the Lord has commissioned the apostles to
accurately record what Jesus had said because the Holy Spirit would be
working in them.
So, we can see that Jesus promised direction from the Holy Spirit, that
Paul considered what he wrote to be the commands of God, and that Peter
recognized Paul's writings as Scripture. In addition, since the Christian
Church recognizes the 27 books of the New Testament are inspired and since
we see internal claims of inspiration in the New Testament, we conclude
that inspiration applies to the New Testament documents as well.
Objections
Inspiration violates free will.
A. Inspiration does not violate free will. What if the person through whom
God is working has been regenerated by the Holy Spirit and desires to have
the Lord speak through him? Would this negate the ability of God to
inerrantly speak through such a person? Would it also mean that the person
has no free will if he has voluntarily subjected his will to the will of
God?
B. Certainly, God has the ability to work through individuals to bring them
to a place where they can record inerrant statements. Cannot God manifest
himself to someone, deliver to him a verbal message, and have that person
record it? Would that statement not be inspired of God?
C. Proverbs. 21:1,"The king's heart is like channels of water in the hand
of the Lord; he turns it wherever He wishes." This verse clearly states
that God is able to work through an individual's "free will" to bring about
what God desires.
2. What about the numerous contradictions in the Bible?
A. It is true that there are difficulties with in the Word of God. But
these are due to copying errors through the centuries. As more and more
historical, archaeological, and manuscript evidence is uncovered, the fewer
Bible difficulties there are. Nevertheless, for an examination of answers
to the alleged Bible contradictions, please see www.BibleQuery.org.
3. The manuscript evidence doesn't support inerrancy of the originals.
A. This is a subjective conclusion. The more I have studied about the
ancient manuscripts, the more I have concluded that the original documents
were indeed inspired and inerrant.
B. The logical implication of the statements within the Bible is that they
are inerrant since they claim to be offered from God. They either are or
are not inspired of God. If they are not, then their claims of speaking
for God are lies.
4. Inspiration applies to scripture--not people.
A. God works sovereignly through people to inspire his documents. It is
the people whom God indwells with his spirit and the people who are
inspired by God to write his word. If inspiration only refers to
Scripture, and somehow means that people are not themselves inspired, the
Scriptures are still God-breathed and necessarily inerrant.
For more see our website www.BibleQuery.org.
Apparently the Watchtower Bible & Tract Society of Jehovah's Witnesses has
no fear of Revelation 22:18-19. The easiest way to demonstrate
contradictions in the Jehovah's Witness New World Translation of the
Bible is by contrasting it to the Watchtower 1969 Kingdom Interlinear
Translation also published by them & also their original 1950 edition of
the NWT which differs significantly from their more modern editions. By
pitting their own translations against each other the Jehovah's Witnesses
lose either way. I use my 1969 "K.I.T." (The JWs call it their "The Kingdom
Interlinear Translation of the Greek Scriptures" which has a purple cover
but I've always referred to it as the "Purple People Eater" as a joke among
my friends) & in meetings with JWs I have pointed out such passages as Acts
10:36, Colossians 2:6-12, Romans 1:20, Philippians 3:11 cross referenced to
Philippians 1:19, 1 Peter 1:11, Revelation 3:14, Ephesians 3:19, Hebrews
12:9,23 etc. showing differences in their Greek renditions that differ from
what their English NWT says. Of particular interest is their own violations
of their own "rules" of translation given in both their "Forwards" of the
KIT & NWT such as : examples of biased paraphrase in John 15:5,7 "in
Christ," John 17:26, 2 Corinthians 5:19, Galatians 1:16, Romans 8:9-10;
examples of non literal translation of English - Colossians 1:16 "other,"
Philippians 2:9 "other," Hebrews 9:27 "for all time;" not following their
own rule of "assigning each word one meaning or definition: Matthew 25:46
"cutting off" cf Acts 4:21, Matthew 27:50 "yielded up his breath" cf Luke
23:46 "spirit" cf Hebrews 12:23 "spiritual lives;" Philippians 2:10-11
"Lord," but translated in Romans 14:11 as "Jehovah," see also John 1:1,
John 8:58, Romans 10:12, Acts 12:23, Acts 4:12 & 1 Peter 3:15. Their NWT
translates "torture stake" in Matthew 10:38 instead of the word "cross" but
both the KIT & NWT would refute that in John 20:25 by the plural use of the
word "nails" since you need "nails" for a cross (a nail for each hand) but
only one nail for a "torture state" (one nail going through both hands at
the same time) as they say (pages 1154-1155, KIT, 1969). I cover some of
the above information in our videos "THE JEHOVAH'S WITNESSES FRAUDULENT
BIBLE: EVALUATING THE "NEW WORLD TRANSLATION" VERSE BY VERSE" at
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CtqstNm5WI4&list=PLCF0ADB29C0EB8C40 &
"EXAMINING THE JEHOVAH'S WITNESS "NEW WORLD TRANSLATION" OF THE BIBLE" at
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oGT82qj4cj0&list=PLCF0ADB29C0EB8C40&index=14.
An internet search on "Contradictions in the New World Translation" will
yield further results (such as //www.eldaleonwhite.com/jw/jw3.pdf).
For example I found the following useful information just doing a quick web
search.
Is The New World Translation Accurate?
The New World Translation of The Holy Scriptures (NWT) is the main bible
used by Jehovah’s Witnesses worldwide. After only a casual reading of it,
lovers of God’s Word will quickly realize its peculiarity. It has sent
shivers down the backs of many well-known theologians and contemporary
Greek scholars. Many proof texts Christians use to teach and defend the
foundational truths of their faith are rendered quite differently in this
translation. Often, the verses presented represent radical departures from
orthodox Christian beliefs.
However, just because something is different doesn’t mean that it is wrong.
According to the bible, we need to test all things (1 Thess. 5:21). How can
we test the accuracy of the NWT? Well, since the New Testament was
originally written in Greek, we can compare the New Testament of the NWT to
a widely recognized, accepted and scholarly Greek text. In fact, the
Watchtower Bible and Tract Society has already done that for us.
In 1969 and again in 1985, the Watchtower printed and published the Kingdom
Interlinear Translation of the Greek Scriptures (KIT). This book compares
the NWT’s New Testament to the scholarly 1881 Westcott and Hort Greek text
of the New Testament. The KIT is arranged so that the Greek text is on the
left side of the page with the English rendering below it and the NWT is on
the right side. According to the 1985 KIT on p. 5, the arrangement is
beneficial because, “....the accuracy of any modern translation can be
determined”. So, lets compare some verses in the KIT to see if the NWT is
in fact accurate.
Before we dig in, I want to refer to 2 statements found in the 1985 KIT. On
p.9 it says, “We offer no paraphrase of the scriptures. Our endeavor
throughout has been to give as literal a translation as possible ....”. And
on p.10, “To each major word we have assigned one meaning and have held to
that meaning as far as the context permitted”. So, with those statements in
mind let’s check out the 1985 KIT.
Scripture Verses:
John 8:58
John 17:3
Hebrews 12:22-23
Philippians 2:9
Colossians 1:16-20
Colossians 2:9
John 1:1
Matthew 25:46 vs. Acts 4:21
Acts 11:14
Summary
John 8:58
NWT- “Jesus said to them: “Most truly I say to you, Before Abraham came
into existence, I have been””.
Literal Greek Text- “Said to them Jesus Amen amen I am saying to you Before
Abraham to become I Am.”
Why has the NWT violated their own standard and paraphrased the Greek words
ego eimi (I AM) into I have been? After all, the NWT translates ego eimi
accurately into I am in versus 18, 23, 24 and 28. To answer that question,
one needs to read Exodus 3:13-14 in any approved bible translation. For
example, in the King James Version (which Jehovah’s Witnesses used prior to
1950), Moses asks YHWH (LORD) what His name is. God’s answer is “I AM”.
This presents a problem for the Watchtower, because Jesus is claiming to be
the I AM, the Almighty God of the Old Testament. Notice the next verse in
John 8:59, “Therefore, they picked up stones to hurl at him....”. The
religious Jews of Jesus’ day knew very well who Jesus was claiming to be.
They acted as if Jesus was a blasphemer (see Lev 24:16).
Return to Scripture Verses
John 17:3
NWT- “This means everlasting life, their taking in knowledge of you, the
only true God, and of the one whom you sent forth, Jesus Christ.”
Literal Greek Text- “This but is the everlasting life in order that they
may be knowing you the only true God and whom you sent forth Jesus Christ.”
Notice the change? “They may be knowing you” has been translated into the
NWT as, “taking in knowledge of you”. Witnesses will say that both wordings
mean the same thing. However, this is not true. One may take in an
abundance of knowledge about the president, for example, but never actually
know him personally. The same is true of Christ. Many people know about
Jesus but they don’t have a personal relationship with Him. Jesus actually
spoke about this in Matthew 7:22-23. He said, “Many will say to me in that
day, Lord, Lord, have we not prophesied in thy name? and in thy name cast
out devils? and in thy name done many wonderful works? And then I will
profess unto them, I never knew you: depart from me, ye that work
iniquity”. See also John 5:39-40.
Why would the Watchtower want to distort the meaning of this text? Because
by saying that eternal life comes by “taking in knowledge”, the Society
keeps the Jehovah’s Witness dependent on them for salvation. Studying their
literature becomes a matter of life and death and therefore, the Witness
remains under the complete control of the Watchtower. Sadly, one never
knows how much knowledge he must take in to gain everlasting life.
Return to Scripture Verses
Hebrews 12:22-23
NWT- “But you have approached a Mount Zion and a city of [the] living God,
heavenly Jerusalem, and myriads of angels, in general assembly, and the
congregation of the firstborn who have been enrolled in the heavens, and
God the Judge of all, and the spiritual lives of righteous ones who have
been made perfect.”
Let’s look at the end of v. 23 in the Greek:
Literal Greek Text- “....and to spirits of righteous (ones) having been
perfected....”
Why has the Watchtower again violated their own standard and paraphrased
the word “spirits” from the Greek text into “spiritual lives” in the NWT?
Because, since the text is clearly speaking of heaven, if the NWT used the
accurate rendering “spirits”, it would conflict with their doctrine of soul
sleep. Soul sleep is the belief that man does not possess an immaterial
nature that survives the death of the physical body. The Watchtower teaches
that once a man is dead, he remains unconscious in the grave until the
future resurrection, which began, according to the Society, in 1918, when
dead members of the anointed class (the 144,000) were raised into heaven as
invisible spirits. However, the above verse clearly states that in the
first century A.D., when it was written, there were already spirits of
saved men in heaven. The doctrine of soul sleep can be refuted by many
other scriptures such as Mt. 10:28, Jn. 11:25-26, 2 Co. 5:8, Rev. 6:9-11.
Return to Scripture Verses
Philippians 2:9
NWT- “For this very reason also God exalted him to a superior position and
kindly gave him the name that is above every [other] name....”
Literal Greek Text- “through which also the God him put high up over, and
he graciously gave to him the name the over every name....”
Why has the Watchtower inserted the word “other” in the NWT? Again, this
conflicts with their theology that Jesus is a lesser being than that of the
Father. If the word “other” is taken out of the text, the verse says that
Jesus has been given the highest name in all the universe. This puts Jesus
on a level equal with Jehovah God.
Return to Scripture Verses
Colossians 1:16-20
NWT- “because by means of him all [other] things have been created....all
[other] things have been created through him....Also, he is before all
[other] things and by means of him all [other] things were made to
exist....”
Literal Greek Text- Suffice it to say that the word “other” is not found in
the Greek text.
Why has the Watchtower added the word other four times in the above
passage? Without the word “other” present, the text says that Jesus is the
Creator of all things. By sticking the word other in, Jesus becomes
Jehovah’s “master worker” who was created by Jehovah and was then used to
create all other things in existence. Interestingly, the very first edition
of the NWT’s New Testament didn’t even bracket the word “other” to show
that it was added to the text. Later editions became somewhat more honest.
However, many times when the Watchtower quotes the above verses in their
literature, they remove the brackets. We see that again, the Greek text
contradicts the Watchtower’s own theology.
Return to Scripture Verses
Colossians 2:9
NWT- “....because it is in him that all the fullness of the divine quality
dwells bodily.”
Literal Greek Text- “....because in him is dwelling down all the fullness
of the divinity bodily”
Why has the Watchtower translated the word divinity as divine quality?
Again, just as in John 8:58, the verse has been paraphrased to strip Jesus
of His Deity. The Watchtower teaches that when Jesus walked on the earth,
he was nothing more than a perfect man. His very essence or being was not
divine, he only possessed the qualities of divinity.
It is interesting that the 1969 KIT used the word godship instead of
divinity in the literal Greek text, although the NWT on the right side
still translated it “divine quality”. Although in Romans 1:20 when
referring to the Father, the Watchtower translated the word “godship” in
the Greek text into “Godship” in the NWT text. Does the words
double-standard cross your mind? The fact that they changed the English
word from godship in the 1969 version to divinity in the 1985 version is
also revealing. On p.5 of the 1985 KIT, it says, “Between the lines of the
Greek text will be found the word-for-word English translation of 1969”.
However, we find an example here where it is not word-for-word from the
1969 translation. The Watchtower can’t even conform to their own standards.
Return to Scripture Verses
John 1:1
NWT- “In [the] beginning the Word was, and the Word was with God, and the
Word was a god.”
Literal Greek Text- “ In beginning was the Word, and the Word was toward
the God, and god was the Word.”
Of all the scriptures in the NWT, this one in particular makes Christians
cringe the most. The difference is obvious. Notice that their is no “a” in
the Greek text before the last rendering of “god”. It has been inserted
into the NWT. Why? The Watchtower argument from p.1139 of the 1985 KIT goes
like this: “.... because the Greek word ....(theos) is a singular predicate
noun occurring before the verb and is not preceded by the definite
article.” What this means is that since the definite article, the, is
before the first mention of God but not the second, and the verb, was, is
after the second mention of god, then the rendering “a god” is justified.
(If you’re thoroughly confused, don’t worry.)
This is a perfect example of the Watchtower making up a grammatical rule
and only applying it when it fits their theology. If they applied this rule
to the rest of the New Testament, the outcome would be ridiculous. The
following are some examples of how a few scriptures would turn out in the
book of John if they applied their rule consistently:
John 1:12 “However, as many as did receive him, to them he gave authority
to become a god’s children.”
John 1:13 “and they were born, not from blood or from a fleshly will or
from man’s will, but from a god’s.”
John 1:18 “No man has seen a god at any time....”.
John 3:2 “....Rabbi, we know that you as a teacher have come from a god....”
Obviously, the Watchtower has gone to great lengths to deny the Deity of
Christ. They are hard-pressed to find any reputable source to agree with
their translation of John 1:1. (see article Does the Watchtower Endorse
Spirit Mediums) Even B.F. Westcott, whose Greek text is used in the KIT and
is the basis for the NWT, doesn’t agree with them. He said, “The predicate
(God) stands emphatically first, as in iv.24. It is necessarily without the
article (theos not ho theos) inasmuch as it describes the nature of the
Word and does not identify His Person....No idea of inferiority of nature
is suggested by the form of expression, which simply affirms the true deity
of the Word.” The Gospel According to St. John (Eerdmans, 1958 reprint),
p.3.
Similarly, Greek scholar Dr. Julius R. Mantey, who was quoted in the 1969
KIT p.1159, called the Watchtower’s rendering of this verse, “A grossly
misleading translation.”
Return to Scripture Verses
Matthew 25:46 vs. Acts 4:21
Matthew 25:46
NWT- “And these will depart into everlasting cutting-off, but the righteous
ones into everlasting life.”
Literal Greek Text- “And will go off these into lopping off everlasting,
but the righteous (ones) into life everlasting.”
Notice that the old English words “lopping off” in the Greek text have been
translated as “cutting-off” in the NWT. Why haven’t they translated the
words “lopping off” into “punishment” as do all reputable bible
translations available today? Because, since the Watchtower doesn’t want
any Jehovah’s Witnesses to believe in hell, a place of eternal punishment,
they have to use the words “cutting-off” so that it will agree with their
doctrine of annihilation. This is the belief that no one will go to a place
of everlasting punishment, God will annihilate the unsaved so they will
just cease to exist. Let’s compare this verse to another verse.
Acts 4:21
NWT- “....they released them, since they did not find any ground on which
to punish them....”
Literal Greek Text- ....they released them, nothing finding the how they
might lop off them....”
How did the NWT render the words “lop off” in this verse? PUNISH!
Obviously, the Watchtower is not consistent with their translation. When
the words “lop off” are in a verse that doesn’t challenge their teaching,
they use “punish”, but when it doesn’t agree with their doctrine they use
“cutting-off”. Remember the statement written on p. 10 of the KIT: “To each
major word we have assigned one meaning....”. Their goes that promise out
the window.
Return to Scripture Verses
Acts 11:14
NWT- “....and he will speak those things to you by which you and all your
household may get saved.”
Literal Greek Text- “....who will speak sayings toward you in which will be
saved you and all the house of you.”
Why has “will be saved” been translated into “may get saved”? Because a
rank and file Jehovah’s Witnesses has no assurance of his salvation. The
Watchtower’s gospel is a works based system so the Witness never knows if
he has done enough to merit eternal life. There is no end to knocking on
doors, taking in knowledge and serving at the Kingdom Hall. Even if he
makes it into the thousand reign of Christ, he still may be annihilated if
he doesn’t measure up to Jehovah’s standard. The Jehovah’s Witness is kept
in a state of spiritual bondage. If he only knew that Christ’s blood frees
us from dead works and gives all who place their faith in Him alone the
assurance of eternal life (John 5:24, 10:28; 1 Peter 1:3-5).
Return to Scripture Verses
In summary, it is obvious that the NWT is not an honest translation. The
Watchtower has secretly smuggled in their own peculiar doctrines to the
scriptures by paraphrasing and changing verses where necessary. No wonder
why the Watchtower won‘t reveal the names of the men on the “New World
Translation Committee”. Who would want to take the blame?
Finally, one must wonder what kind of organization can publish such a
corrupted translation and say in their publication, All Scripture Is
Inspired of God and Beneficial, “The New World Translation of the Holy
Scriptures is a faithful translation of God’s Word....” p. 331. And,
“Thanks be to God that he has provided the New World Translation, with its
clear and accurate Bible text.” p.327
For those interested please see our playlist "Dealing with Jehovah's
Witnesses, Watchtower Society" with 22 videos at
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLCF0ADB29C0EB8C40.
Matthew 7:15, "Beware of false prophets, which come to you in sheep's
clothing, but inwardly they are ravening wolves."
Please check out our latest video on Jehovah's Witnesses called "Who's
Knocking? #2: Jehovah's Witnesses Hidden History, Spiritism, Racism,
Doctrines of Demons" at
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b9LFhzOb-_g&list=UUQ_EDvOtDAAWfCvGUhd6y3A.
The "flickering" flashlight of the so-called "new light" of the Jehovah's
Witnesses. The Watchtower Society emphasizes that they are a progressive
organization, blessed with spiritual insights from God. They call these
insights "new truths." Members are encouraged to keep abreast of "present
truth" and to adjust their thinking when "old truth" changes. They are then
encouraged to embrace "new light" or "new truths," called "enhanced
understanding," "progressive understanding," "progressive truth" or
"progressive knowledge." Whichever way you slice it, members are expected
to believe the new truth and teach it, even if it contradicts former truth
or is a reversal to a previously held viewpoint (very similar to the Muslim
doctrine of abrogation in Islam - see "The Quran and the Problem of
Abrogation" at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fkRCpQ8LA4Y). The Society
likens their changes in viewpoint to a boat that tacks, moving side-to-side
but always moving forward. Most of us have traveled in a boat that, pushed
about by the waves, didn't always move forward in a straight line. But
tossed about or not, if the boat had something to propel it, we eventually
got to where we were going. Using the Society's own tacking rationale,
let's see if their teachings about the men of Sodom have truly moved
forward progressively, helping members to an enhanced understanding. As you
read the quoted statements below, ask yourself which is the actual
scenario: tacking or reversal to a previously held viewpoint?
Sodomites Will-Will Not be Resurrected
Watchtower 7/1879 p. 8 “the Sodomites will be resurrected.”
Watchtower 6/1/1952 p.338 “The men of Sodom will not be resurrected.”
So, years (approximately 73) pass and they change their viewpoint--but
this is fine because in this case, it truly could be said to be a
progressive understanding, because it has changed. Except that ...
Watchtower 8/1/1965 p. 479 “The men of Sodom will be resurrected.”
Hmm ... no side-to-side tacking here but a complete return to a viewpoint
held 85-86 years earlier. so, at this juncture, it cannot be said to be
progressive, rather regressive. But, did they finally have it right?
Watchtower 6/1/1988 p.31 “men of Sodom will not be resurrected.”
Twenty-three years pass and ... nope. Two complete reversals spanning over
100 years, and they still haven't gained or presented any additional
insights to members.
"Insight" publication Vol. 2, 1988 p. 985 “men of Sodom will be
resurrected.”
"Revelation Book," 1988 p. 273 “men of Sodom will not be resurrected.”
You Can Live Forever in Paradise on Earth (Book published by the Watchtower
Bible & Tract Society in 1982)
The men of Sodom WILL be resurrected.
You Can Live Forever in Paradise on Earth (Secondary Edition, published by
the Watchtower Bible & Tract Society in 1989)
The men of Sodom WILL NOT be resurrected.
Wow! Lightening-fast reversals but no progressive "the light is getting
brighter" truth, merely a replay of "will, will not."
Recycled Information is Not Progressive Truth
When the Society claims that a teaching that reverts to a previous
viewpoint is in actuality "new light" or a "new spiritual truth," this is
incorrect. While it may be "new" to a new generation of members, it is old,
recycled information. Returning to a previous point of view is not the same
thing as adopting a truly new understanding, nor does this indicate that
God gave any type of progressive understanding to the Governing Body
regarding the men of Sodom. If the Governing Body came up with a completely
different understanding, one that didn't mirror previous teachings, this
could be said to be an actual new understanding and could reasonably be
said to be progressive (even if not necessarily from God).
True Humility: Not Passing Off Human Teachings as God's Truths
When old ideas are readopted, it would be more accurate to dub these, "a
changed understanding."
Far better still, religious organizations should refrain from stating that
something comes from God and from presenting the information as "God's
truth." A truly humble approach would be to say that this is a present
understanding but that it is merely an understanding and not new light
flashing forth from the Most High.
For more information on the Watchtower see our playlist ""Dealing with
Jehovah's Witnesses, Watchtower Society" with 22 videos & 24 hours of
teaching material at
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLCF0ADB29C0EB8C40.
See our latest video on the Jehovah's Witnesses called "Who's Knocking? #2:
Jehovah's Witnesses Hidden History, Spiritism, Racism, Doctrines of Demons"
at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b9LFhzOb-_g&list=UUQ_EDvOtDAAWfCvGUhd6y3A.
Although this video is from a lecture I gave to one of my Christian
apologetics classes back in the 1990s on the subject of Jehovah's Witnesses
my video man & myself spent weeks in editing this particular video (we
usually edit once a week for 4 to 5 hours). I decided to put the time &
effort into placing primary Jehovah's Witness source material into this
video which then made it into a very tedious project. Since I own many
Jehovah's Witness books that are over 100 years old & are little known I
thought it would be useful for viewers to see with their own eyes this
material. With knowledge of these original Watchtower publications true
Christians can then use this information as an effective tool in witnessing
to Jehovah's Witnesses who have been deceived by this false prophet
organization (I even included some of the court documents from Watchtower
founder Charles Taze Russell's divorce case with his wife Maria over his
affair with an underage female). Over the past 33 years I have been able,
by God's grace, to lead many people & families out of the Watchtower Bible
& Tract Society. This has been done not so much by arguing Bible verses
with them (playing "Bible ping pong") but by knowing their history (which
they cannot change). Once you can crack their faith in the Watchtower with
their own history then they are much more open to discussing what the Bible
actually says rather than what the Watchtower tells them the Bible says. Be
prepared to meet the Jehovah's Witnesses who come knocking at your door.
See also our playlist "Dealing with Jehovah's Witnesses, Watchtower
Society" with 22 videos at
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLCF0ADB29C0EB8C40. 1 Peter 3:15,
"But sanctify the Lord God in your hearts: and be ready always to give an
answer to every man that asketh you a reason of the hope that is in you
with meekness and fear:"
See our playlist "Dealing with UFOs, Ghosts, Magic, Spiritual Warfare,
Satan" with 18 videos at
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL2CF1129D311BF9A6. The background of
the Jehovah's Witnesses' Watchtower Society is built on the occult
(relating to magical powers, esoteric activities, mysticism, etc.). Hear
"Occult History of Jehovah's Witnesses" at
//www.sermonaudio.com/sermoninfo.asp?SID=1120515352 by former
Jehovah's Witness Lorri MacGregor (she was a guest on our radio show at
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cGNnOs3UP1I&list=PLCF0ADB29C0EB8C40&index=18).
Hear her other lectures: "Ex-Jehovah's Witness speaks out" at
//www.sermonaudio.com/sermoninfo.asp?SID=12250542425, "What Mormons
Wont tell you at the door" at
//www.sermonaudio.com/sermoninfo.asp?SID=12100515958 & "Counterfeit
Christians" at //www.sermonaudio.com/sermoninfo.asp?SID=120516534. 2
Timothy 4:2-5, "Preach the word; be instant in season, out of season;
reprove, rebuke, exhort with all long suffering and doctrine. 3 For the
time will come when they will not endure sound doctrine; but after their
own lusts shall they heap to themselves teachers, having itching ears;
4 And they shall turn away their ears from the truth, and shall be turned
unto fables. 5 But watch thou in all things, endure afflictions, do the
work of an evangelist, make full proof of thy ministry."
See our playlist "Dealing with Anti Trinitarians (UPC) & Early Church
History" with 45 videos at
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL9931642C7C8FFEAB&feature=plcp. John
10:30, "I and [my] Father are one." ] Not in person, for the Father must be
a distinct person from the Son, and the Son a distinct person from the
Father; and which is further manifest, from the use of the verb plural, "I
and [my] Father", (esmen) , "we are one"; that is, in nature and essence,
and perfections, particularly in power; since Christ is speaking of the
impossibility of plucking any of the sheep, out of his own and his Father's
hands; giving this as a reason for it, their unity of nature, and equality
of power; so that it must be as impracticable to pluck them out of his
hands, as out of his Father's, because he is equal with God the Father, and
the one God with him. The Jew F16 objects, that
``if the sense of this expression is, that the Father and the Son are one,
as the Nazarenes understand and believe it, it will be found that Jesus
himself destroys this saying, as it is written in ( Mark 13:32 ) , for
saith Jesus, "that day and that hour, there is knoweth, not the angels, nor
the Son, but the Father only"; lo, these words show, that the Father and
the Son are not one, since the Son does not know what the Father knows.''
But it should be observed, that Christ is both the Son of God, and the son
of man, as the Christians believe; as he is the Son of God, he lay in the
bosom of his Father, and was privy to all his secrets, to all his thoughts,
purposes, and designs; and as such, he knew the day and hour of judgment,
being God omniscient; and in this respect is one with the Father, having
the same perfections of power, knowledge but then as the son of man, he is
not of the same nature, and has not the same knowledge; his knowledge of
things was derived, communicated, and not infinite; and did not reach to
all things at once, but was capable of being increased, as it was: and it
is with regard to him as the son of man, that Jesus speaks of himself in (
Mark 13:32 ) ; whereas he is here treating of his divine sonship, and
almighty power; wherefore considered in the relation of the Son of God, and
as possessed of the same perfections with God, he and his Father are one;
though as man, he is different from him, and knew not some things he did:
so that there is no contradiction between the words of Christ in one place,
and in the other; nor is he chargeable with any blasphemy against God, or
any arrogance in himself, by assuming deity to himself; nor deserving of
punishment, even to be deprived of human life, as the Jew suggests; nor is
what he produces from a Socinian writer, of any moment, that these words do
not necessarily suppose, that the Father and the Son are of the same
essence; since it may be said of two men, that they are one, end yet are
not the same man, but one is one man, and the other another; for we do not
say they are one and the same person, which does not follow from their
being of one and the same nature, but that they are one God, and two
distinct persons.
FOOTNOTES:
F16 Isaac Chizzuk Emuna, par. 2. c. 50. p. 438, 439.
John 10:29
John 10:31
The wicked hate the wrath, justice & judgment of a Holy God. Get an
in-depth study of the Biblical Doctrine of Hell besides videos on our
playlist "Dealing with Hell, Lake of Fire, Unpopular Bible Doctrines" at
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLE04A1D0DFE95B95E by going to
"Eternal Punishment, Part 1" at
//www.sermonaudio.com/sermoninfo.asp?SID=12607145320 & "Eternal
Punishment, Part 2" at
//www.sermonaudio.com/sermoninfo.asp?SID=12607143539 by A.W.
Pink. Great preaching on this subject can be found at "Heaven & Hell" by
Charles Haddon Spurgeon at
//www.sermonaudio.com/sermoninfo.asp?SID=8702112616 & "The Sinner's
End, Hell Opens Wide Her Jaws, the Sinner Falls To Destruction, Spurgeon"
at //www.sermonaudio.com/sermoninfo.asp?SID=1014131452290; "A Few
Sighs From Hell" by John Bunyan at
//www.sermonaudio.com/sermoninfo.asp?SID=112903233617; "The Eternity
of Hell Torments" by George Whitefield at
//www.sermonaudio.com/sermoninfo.asp?SID=11307232342; Men Don't Regard
Warnings of Future Punishment As Hell Doesn't Seem Real - Edwards" at
//www.sermonaudio.com/sermoninfo.asp?SID=1031121125362, "The Torments
of Hell Are Exceeding Great, A Rich Man Went to Hell and Was Tormented" at
//www.sermonaudio.com/sermoninfo.asp?SID=51513154140, "They That Are
Gone to Hell Are All of Them in Despair, Eternal Damnation by Edwards" at
//www.sermonaudio.com/sermoninfo.asp?SID=219131311338 & "Sinners in
the Hands of an Angry God" at
//www.sermonaudio.com/sermoninfo.asp?SID=113003134610 by Jonathan
Edwards, "God's Hell" by John Wagner at
//www.sermonaudio.com/sermoninfo.asp?SID=6501212239; "A Tour of Hell"
by E.A. Johnston at //www.sermonaudio.com/sermoninfo.asp?SID=7251216250; other
great Biblical messages about the doctrine of Hell can be found at
//www.sermonaudio.com/search.asp?currSection=sermonstopic&keyworddesc=Hell&keyword=hell
.
See our newsletter on Hell with plenty of Biblical references on our
website //www.biblequery.org/ (once on the homepage click on the
"experience" box to the left then scroll down to the newsletter section &
click on "Turn or Burn."
The wicked hate the Biblical doctrine of Hell & will create any myth
to pretend it is not real or eternal in the conscious divine punishment of
the damned. "Be not deceived, GOD IS NOT MOCKED: For whatsover a man
soweth, that shall he also reap" (Galations 6:7). "VENGEANCE IS MINE; I
WILL REPAY SAITH THE LORD" (Rom. 12:19). "Keeping mercy for thousands,
forgiving iniquity and transgression and sin, and THAT WILL BY NO MEANS
CLEAR THE GUILTY" (Exodus 34:7). Jesus said, "It would have been good for
that man if he had not been born" (Matthew 26:24). Why would Jesus say this
if there wasn't something far worse waiting for that man after this life is
over? Interestingly enough, over the years many atheists have flocked to
our YouTube hell videos with unusual curiosity. Why do they bother if they
don't think it is real?
2 Timothy 2:15
Some of the best Christian material against the false religion of Islam is
available by going to //answering-islam.org/,
//www.answeringmuslims.com/ & //www.muslimhope.com/. Some of the
best Christian videos available on the internet against Islam can be found
on https://www.youtube.com/user/Acts17Apologetics & YouTube videos by
Christian Islamic expert Sam Shamoun at
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=sam+shamoun (see also his
articles at //answeringislam.net/authors/shamoun.html,
//answeringislam.net/Shamoun/ &
//answeringislam.net/Responses/index.htm). Christian Islamic expert
Robert Spencer at
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=robert+spencer+islam &
Christian apologist James White videos against Islam at
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=james+white+islam are also
excellent resources for Christians seeking to refute the Muslim religion
created by the false prophet Muhammad. Many may not know that Christian
apologist Sam Shamoun has also written articles against the Jehovah's
Witnesses. To read his many articles against the Jehovah's Witnesses please
go to the following link - https://badmanna.wordpress.com/?s=sam+shamoun.
Particularly notice his article series "The King James Version of the Holy
Bible: The Jehovah’s Witnesses’ Nightmare" beginning with Part 1 at
https://badmanna.wordpress.com/2015/04/10/the-king-james-version-of-the-holy-bible-the-jehovahs-witnesses-nightmare-pt-1-a-post-by-sam-shamoun/.
There are also many videos by Sam Shamoun concerning Jehovah's Witnesses at
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=sam+shamoun+jehovah%27s+witnesses.
See also the many videos by Christian apologist James White concerning the
Jehovah's Witnesses at
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=james+white+jehovah%27s+witnesses.
See also our playlist "Dealing with Jehovah's Witnesses, Watchtower
Society" with 22 videos at
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLCF0ADB29C0EB8C40. 2 Timothy
4:2-5, "Preach the word; be instant in season, out of season; reprove,
rebuke, exhort with all long suffering and doctrine. 3 For the time will
come when they will not endure sound doctrine; but after their own lusts
shall they heap to themselves teachers, having itching ears; 4 And they
shall turn away their ears from the truth, and shall be turned unto fables.
5 But watch thou in all things, endure afflictions, do the work of an
evangelist, make full proof of thy ministry."
See our playlist "Dealing with UFOs, Ghosts, Magic, Spiritual Warfare,
Satan" with 18 videos at
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL2CF1129D311BF9A6. The background of
the Jehovah's Witnesses' Watchtower Society is built on the occult
(relating to magical powers, esoteric activities, mysticism, etc.). Hear
"Occult History of Jehovah's Witnesses" at
//www.sermonaudio.com/sermoninfo.asp?SID=1120515352 by former JW Lorri
MacGregor (she was a guest on our radio show at
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cGNnOs3UP1I&list=PLCF0ADB29C0EB8C40&index=18).
Hear her other lectures: "Ex-Jehovah's Witness speaks out" at
//www.sermonaudio.com/sermoninfo.asp?SID=12250542425, "What Mormons
Wont tell you at the door" at
//www.sermonaudio.com/sermoninfo.asp?SID=12100515958 & "Counterfeit
Christians" at //www.sermonaudio.com/sermoninfo.asp?SID=120516534. 2
Timothy 4:2-5, "Preach the word; be instant in season, out of season;
reprove, rebuke, exhort with all long suffering and doctrine.
3 For the time will come when they will not endure sound doctrine; but
after their own lusts shall they heap to themselves teachers, having
itching ears;
4 And they shall turn away their ears from the truth, and shall be turned
unto fables.
5 But watch thou in all things, endure afflictions, do the work of an
evangelist, make full proof of thy ministry."
@Fhomie1 Thanks for the compliment brother, it's appreciated! Thousands of
people have been freed from Watch Tower slavery over the years by being
exposed to the Jehovah's Witnesses own literature from the past. Once
people realize the truth concerning the history of the Jehovah's Witnesses
they can't help but come to the conclusion that the Watch Tower is a false
prophet. JWs like to argue about Bible verses but they have a terrible time
trying to hide from their past & this is the fatal flaw.
Acts 5:35 is a good description of what Jehovah's Witnesses are doing
against God. JWs are "fighters against God himself" since they deny that
Jesus is God Almighty in human flesh as saint Thomas so stated to Jesus in
John 20:28, "And Thomas answered and said unto him, My Lord and my God."
See our video called, "IS JESUS GOD ALMIGHTY IN THE FLESH MEANING THE
SECOND PERSON OF THE TRINITY OR IS HE SOMETHING ELSE?" found on our main
YouTube channel page CANSWERSTV. See our playlist on the JWs also.
Acts 5:35 Then he said to them: "Men of Israel, be careful as to what you
intend to do about these men. Acts 5:38 So under the present circumstances,
I say to you, do not meddle with these men, but let them alone. For if this
scheme or this work is from men, it will be overthrown; Acts 5:39 but if it
is from God, you will not be able to overthrow them. Otherwise, you may
even be found fighters against God himself."